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Gear up for NEET 2026 with our expert-led course!
Instructor: Kaushalya Academy
Language: English + Hindi
Validity Period: Lifetime
Description:
Ace the NEET 2026 exam with this focused 1-year online course designed for Class 12th students. This program offers a well-structured approach to cover the entire syllabus, reinforce conceptual clarity, and provide continuous practice and mentorship throughout the academic year.
Perfect for students aiming to master NEET subjects within a single year, this course ensures you’re fully equipped for success.
Key Highlights:
What You Will Learn
Enhanced Learning: Strengthen your understanding of Class 12th topics aligned with NEET requirements, and improve your concept application skills.
Practice Tests: Prepare effectively with consistent testing, mock exams, and detailed analysis to refine your exam strategy.
Personalised Support: Get tailored guidance, regular performance tracking, and expert help to stay on top of your preparation throughout the year.
Physics | |||
Chapter 1 Basic Maths | |||
- Differentiation & Integration | Preview | ||
- Algebra | Preview | ||
- Quadratic Equation | Preview | ||
Chapter 2 Vector | |||
- Introduction | |||
- Vector Addition | |||
- Resolution of Vector & Dot Product Class 3 | |||
Chapter 3 Kinematics | |||
- Position of particle | |||
- Average Speed & Velocity | |||
- Instantaneous Velocity | |||
- Motion in Straight line | |||
- Motion under gravity 1 | |||
- Motion under gravity 2 | |||
Projectile Motion | |||
- Relative Motion | |||
- Relative Motion in 2d | |||
- River Boat Problem | |||
- Question Kinematic part 1 | |||
- Question Kinematics part 2 | |||
- Question Kinematic part 2 | |||
Chapter 4 N.L.M | |||
- Inertia and types of forces | |||
- Linear momentum and FBD | |||
- Concept of Pulley | |||
- Constrained motion | |||
- Inertial and non inertial frames & pseudo force | |||
Chapter 5 Friction | |||
- Introduction and misconceptions in frictions | |||
- Practice problem on friction | |||
- Angle of friction and angle of repose | |||
- Friction on inclined plane | |||
- Advanced practice problems | |||
Chapter 6 Circular Motion | |||
- Introduction | |||
- Acceleration in Circular Motion | |||
- Centrifugal Force | |||
- Problem Related to Centrifugal Force | |||
Chapter 7 Work, Energy and Power | |||
- Introduction to mechanical work | |||
- Special cases in workdone | |||
Workdone on inclined plane and workdone by variable force | |||
- Introduction to Energy and potential energy | |||
Workdone by spring force and elastic potential energy | |||
Kinetic Energy | |||
Work- Energy- Theorem | |||
- Stable and unstable equilibrium | |||
Chapter 8 System of Particles | |||
Chapter 9 Gravitation | |||
Chapter 10 Mechanical Properties of Solid | |||
Chapter 11 Mechanical Properties of Fluid | |||
Chapter 12 Heat Transfer | |||
Chapter 13 Kinetic Theory of Gases | |||
Chapter 14 Oscillations | |||
Chapter 15 Waves | |||
Introduction and Displacement of wave | |||
Speed of waves in string and speed of sound wave | |||
Standing waves in normal modes | |||
Doppler effects | |||
Chapter 16 Electrostatics | |||
Electric field and electric field intensity | |||
Coloumb's Law | |||
Equilibrium of charge particles | |||
Electric field due to circular arc and electric lines of force | |||
Electric Flux & Gauss Law | |||
Flux calculation using Gauss Law | |||
Electric field due to solid non- conducting & Electric Dipolev | |||
Dielectric in electric field , Electrostatic potential & Interaction Energy | |||
Electric potential due to the charged ring & Equipotential surface | |||
Dipole Placed in uniform electric field & electric potential due to dipole | |||
Electrostatic Pressure | |||
Some Important Results | |||
Chapter 17 Capacitance | |||
Concept of Capacitance | |||
Condenser or capacitor, common Potential | |||
Parallel Plate Capacitor | |||
Cylinderical Capacitor | |||
Effect of Dielectric & Polarisation | |||
Golden Key Point, charging & discharging of a capacitor | |||
Chapter 18 Current Electricity | |||
Electric current & Drift Velocity | |||
Relation between electric current & drift velocity | |||
Resistance & combination of resistors | |||
Kirchhoff's Law | |||
Cell & Electro Motive Force | |||
Internal Resistance & Combination of cells | |||
Galvanometer , Shunt & Wheat Stone Bridge | |||
Potentiometer Wire, Circuits of potentiometer | |||
Difference between potentiometer & voltmeter | |||
Chapter 19 Magnetic effect of current | |||
The magnetic field & Bio- savart law | |||
Magnetic Field at an axial position of a circular coil | |||
Solenoid & Axis of a short Solenoid | |||
Ampere's Law and its application | |||
Chapter 20 Magnetism and Matters | |||
Chapter 21 Electromagnetic Induction | |||
Chapter 22 Alternating Current | |||
Chapter 23 EM Waves | |||
Chapter 24 Geometrical Optics | |||
Chapter 25 Wave Optics | |||
Chapter 26 Modern Physics | |||
Chapter 27 Semiconductor | |||
Chapter 28 Unit, measurement & Dimensions | |||
Chemistry | |||
Chapter 1 Basic concepts of chemistry | |||
Introduction, basics, laws of chemical combination | Preview | ||
Laws of chemical combination 2, numerical questions | Preview | ||
Mole concepts basics, avagadro's number | Preview | ||
Calculation of moles, questions based on mole concepts | |||
Equivalent weight, calculation of n factors methods of determination of equivalent weight | |||
Solution stoichiometry, mass %age, volume %age, question based | |||
Limiting reagents, chemical reaction, calculation of limiting reagents | |||
Chapter 2 Solution | |||
Introduction to solution,solute,solvent, types | |||
Solubilities, factors affecting solubilities and their effect | |||
Pressure effect and temperature effect of solubility on solution | |||
Henry's law concept, numerical questions based on it | |||
Raults law concept, numerical questions based on it and chemical equations | |||
Colligative properties, relative lowering of vapour pressure, numerical, formulas | |||
Elevation in boiling point, concept, formula and questions based on it. | |||
Depression in freezing point, osmosis, reverse osmosis, osmotic pressure | |||
Hoff factors, numerical questions based on | |||
Chapter 3 Atomic structure | |||
Atomic structure, introduction, basics, atomic numbers mass | |||
Atomic structure some important terms, isotopes, isobars | |||
EM waves & plank's constant, values used in plank's constant, numerical s practice | |||
Bohr's atomic model, properties radius, velocity | |||
Bohr's energy calculation, energy difference, energies of different shells | |||
Hydrogen spectrum, formula, energy levels | |||
Wave mechanical model of atom, Einstein's equation relation | |||
Quantum Number, types of quantum Number, rules | |||
Quantum Number 2, numerical questions, method of determination | |||
Rules of filling electrons, Pauli, hunds, afbau principle | |||
Chapter 4 Redox | |||
Introduction, old/new oxidation, reductions concept | |||
Daniel cell, Galvanic cell, cell representation, redox concept | |||
Types of redox, combination, displacement, decomposition reaction | |||
Types of balancing, oxidation number method, ionic balancing method | |||
Chapter 5 Electrochemistry | |||
Electrochemistry introduction, basics ,cell types, electrolytic and electrochemical cell | |||
Electrochemistry factors / kohlrausch law | |||
Electrochemistry Galvanic cell, salt bridge, function of salt bridge | |||
Electrode potential, electrode potential depends, reduction potential | |||
Nernst equation, nernst based numerical calculation of emf standard electrode potential | |||
Faraday's law of electolysis, numerical practice on Faradays law | |||
Chapter 6 Chemical equilibrium | |||
Chemical equilibrium introduction, characteristics of physical equilibrium | |||
Relationship between KP and KC, numerical questions | |||
Chemical equilibrium types, concept of equilibrium | |||
Active mass, law of mass action, equilibrium constant | |||
Factors not affecting equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium reaction quotient | |||
Degree of dissociation, le charteliers principles thermodynamics of equilibrium, numerical | |||
Chapter 7 lonic equilibrium | |||
Introduction to ionic equilibrium, conductor, types of ionic conductor electrolytes, acid base | |||
Acid base Lewis concept, limitations, classification of acid base (pending reshoot) | |||
Degree of dissociation of water, acidity and pH scale | |||
PH calculation of different types of solutions | |||
PH of mixture of weak acid and strong acid solution, numerical questions based on the topic | |||
Buffer solution, types, different types of hydrolysis | |||
Salt, classification of salt, numerical on salt | |||
Chapter 8 Chemical kinetics | |||
Introduction of chemical kinetics, types of reaction, rate ,speed units of reaction | |||
Rate of chemical reaction, graphical representation rate problems | |||
Factors influencing the rate of chemical reaction rate law, law of mass action, elementary and | |||
Order of reaction, molecularity of the reaction difference between order and molecularity | |||
Rate constants and it's characteristics units of rate constants for different orders | |||
Methods of determination of order of reaction half life of the reaction, pseudo order of the | |||
Factors affecting rate of chemical reaction Arrhenius equation catalyst | |||
Collision theory, effective collision potential energy barrier | |||
Chapter 9 States of matter | |||
Introduction to States of matter, types of matter, conditions for states of matter, | |||
lon dipole interaction, factors affecting ion dipole, dispersion forces London forces non polar | |||
Gas laws ,types of gases law, Boyle's law, numericals graphical representation of Boyle's law | |||
Charles law, numerical on Charles law graphical representation of law, | |||
Gay lussac law, numericals, avagadros law, ideal gas equation ,gas constants | |||
Daltons law of partial pressure derivation, numerical problems | |||
Diffusion effusion, graham's law, KTG | |||
Deviation from ideal gas behaviour, numericals, boyle's tempreture | |||
Vander walls, equation ,pressure correction, real gas | |||
Volume correction of vander wall's equation, different types of diffusion | |||
Chapter 10 Surface chemistry | |||
Introduction, adsorption theory, difference, types of adsorption ,factors | |||
Freundlich adsorption ,application of adsorption ,catalysis | |||
Types of catalysis, homogeneous ,heterogeneous ,shape selective catalyst | |||
Colloids, classification of colloids, multimolucular, macromolecular, micelles | |||
Mechanism of micelles formation, preparation of colloids, dialysis ,electro dialysis | |||
Properties of colloidal solution, tyndal effect, condition for tyndall effect | |||
Electrophoresis, coagulation, hardy schulze rule, gold number | |||
Chapter 11 Thermodynamics | |||
Introduction to the basic of thermodynamics, system, surrounding | |||
Types of system and chemical reaction | |||
Thermodynamics process, thermodynamics formulas for different processes | |||
Enthalpy of hydration, atomisation, standard enthalpy of reaction | |||
Second law of thermodynamics, basic concepts and questions | |||
Application of 2nd law of thermodynamics,3rd law of thermodynamics | |||
Chapter 12 Metallurgy | |||
Introduction to metallurgy, ore, minerals | |||
Method of separation, hydrometallurgy, froath floatation method, | |||
Concentration, benefaction of ores | |||
Conversion of oxides and purification by calcination and roasting | |||
Corrosion, rusting, sacrificial metals and alloys | |||
Chapter 13 Solid state | |||
Matter, Characteristics of Solid, Classification of Solid | |||
Properties of Crystalline Solid, Isotropy, Question Solving | |||
Amorphous Solid, Crystalline Solid, Molecular Solids, Question Solving | |||
lonic Solid, Porperties of lonic Solid, Metalic Solid, Question Solving, Covalent or Net work | |||
Unit Cell & Crystal Lattice, Types of Unit Cell, Primitive Cell, Simple Cubic Cell | |||
Body Centered Cubic Unit Cell, Face Centered Cubic Unit Cell, Question Solving, Simple Cubic | |||
Face Centered Cubic Cell, Packing in Solids in One & Two Dimensional, Three Dimensional | |||
Packing in Solids in Three Dimensional Part-II, Locating Tetrahedral Voids, Octahedral void | |||
Packing of lonic Solids, Radius Ratio Rule, Crystallisation, Types of Defects, Valancy Defect | |||
Non stoichiometric defect, Question Solving | |||
Electrical Properties-> Metal, Non-Metal, Metalloids, Valence Band Conduction Band | |||
Electrical Properties-> Conductor, Insulator, Semiconductor, Important Points Regarding p- | |||
Question Solving & Applications | |||
Chapter 14 Periodic table | |||
Genesis of Periodic Table | |||
Modern Periodic Table | |||
Chapter 15 Chemical bonding | |||
Introduction. Weak Bond, Strong Bond, Atom, Molecule, Chemical Bond, Why an atoms | |||
Theories on the Formation of Molecules, Types of Chemical Bonds, Octet Rule, Lewis | |||
Covalent Bond, Sharing of Electron, Single Bond, Double Bond & Trible Bond, Question Solving | |||
Carbonate ion, Nitrite ion, lonic Bond, lonic Bond formation, Lattice Enthalpy, Properties of | |||
Factors on which the formation of lonic Bond Depend, Fajan's Rule and Charge of ionic | |||
Bond Parameters, Bond Length, Bond Angle, Bond Enthalpy, Bond Order, Question Solving | |||
Chapter 16 Chemical Periodicity | |||
Atomic Radii and lonic Radil | |||
lonisation Energy | |||
Electron Affinity & Electronegativity | |||
Application of Electronegativity | |||
Chapter 17 Hydrogen | |||
Positon, isotopes, preparation, physical properties, chemical properties, uses | |||
Hydrides, types, water, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide | |||
Chapter 18 S block | |||
Physical Properties of s-block Element | |||
Chemical properties of s-block elements | |||
Chemical properties of s-block elements, compounds of s-block elements | |||
Compounds of s-block elements | |||
Compounds of s-block elements, some important points to remember | |||
Chapter 19 D & F block | |||
D block element: General Introduction | |||
D block element: Ores & Characteristics | |||
D block element: lonization Potential, Oxidation state & Atomic radius | |||
D block element: Standard Electrode Potential, Chemical Reactivity, Magnetic Properties | |||
D block element: Alloy Formation & Important Compounds | |||
D block element: Potassium Permanganate, f block element: Introduction, General | |||
Oxidation State, Colour Property, Lanthanoid Contraction & Uses of Lanthanoids | |||
Chemical Reactions of Lanthanoids & Actinoids | |||
Chapter 20 P block | |||
Important Concept, Back bonding, Dimerisation, Polymerisation | |||
Inert pair Effect, Oxy Acid | |||
Hydrolysis | |||
Allotropes, Silicates, Silicones, Bleaching agents and Dehydrating agents | |||
General Introduction, Physical Properties of Boron Family | |||
Chemical Properties of Boron Family | |||
Carbon Family, Compounds of Carbon Family | |||
Nitrogen Family, Compounds of Nitrogen Family Part - 1 | |||
Nitrogen Family, Compounds of Nitrogen Family Part - 2 | |||
Oxygen Family, Compounds of Oxygen Family | |||
Zero Family, Compounds of Oxygen Family | |||
Halogen Family, Compounds of Halogen Family, Inter-halogen compound | |||
Chapter 21 Goc | |||
Introduction of Organic Chemistry, Tetravalence of carbon, Structural representations | |||
Classification of Organic Compounds, Homologous Series, Nomenclature, IUPAC | |||
Functional group nomenclature | |||
Isomerism, Structural Isomerism, Stereoisomerism, Different Structure of Organic | |||
Stereoisomers and its types, Optical - Sensitive Towards Light, Optical Activity | |||
Introduction of Geometric Isomerism, Confirmational Isomers, Tautomers | |||
Inductive Effect, Resonance | |||
Resonance, Mesomeric Effect, Hyperconjugation, Electromeric Effect | |||
Comparison of inductive, Hyperconjugation & Resonance Effect, Carbocation, Carbanions, | |||
Chapter 22 Hydrocarbon | |||
Introduction and Classification of Hydrocarbon, Alkanes | |||
Preparation of Alkanes | |||
Physical & Chemical Properties of Alkenes | |||
Alkynes - Preparation, Physical & Chemical Properties | |||
Chapter 23 Haloalkanes and haloarens | |||
Introuction of Organic Compound & Types of Organic Compound | |||
General Characterstics, Classification, sp, sp2, sp3 - hybridisation, difference between sp2 | |||
IUPAC Nomenclature & structure | |||
Nature & Structure of functional group & Methods of Preparation from alcohols | |||
Methods of Preparation from hydrocarbon | |||
Methods of Preparation from halogen exchange | |||
Properties of Haloalkanes & Haloarenes | |||
Reaction of Haloalkanes & Haloarenes, Nucleophilic subsitution | |||
Reaction of Haloalkanes & Haloarenes | |||
Polyhalogen Compounds & Uses of Haloalkanes & Haloarenes | |||
Chapter 24 Alcohol, phenols and esters | |||
Alcohol Phenol & Ether: General Characterics, Classification | |||
Structure of Functional Group, Nomenclature | |||
Uses & Preperation of Alcohols | |||
Physical & Chemical Properties of Alcohol | |||
Phenol Classification & Preparation | |||
Chemical Properties of Phenol | |||
Ether General Charactertics & Classification & Nomenclature | |||
Ether, Isomerism & Preparation Methods | |||
Ether Nomenclature & Physical Properties | |||
Preparation of Ether & Chemical Properties of Ether & Electrophilic substitution reaction of | |||
Chapter 25 Aldehyde, ketone and carboxylic acid | |||
Aldehyde & Ketone - General Introduction, Synopsis, Nomenclature & Structure of Functional | |||
Preparation of Aldehyde & Ketone | |||
Physical & Chemical Properties of Aldehyde & Ketone and there uses | |||
Reduction, Oxidation, Other reaction, Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones | |||
Carboxylic Acid - General Introduction, Structure of Functional Group, Nomenclature & | |||
Physical & Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Acid and there uses | |||
Chapter 26 Amines | |||
Amines: General Characterics, Classification, Nomenclature | |||
Amines: Structure of Functional Group & Methods of Preparation | |||
Phyical Properties & Basicity of Amines | |||
Amines Chemical Property | |||
Amines: Electrophilic Substitution Reaction | |||
Preparation and Properties of Diazonium salt | |||
Chapter 27 Coordination compounds | |||
Chemical Bonds, Heamoglobin, Werners Theory, Important Terms used in Co-ordination | |||
Central atom/ion, Ligands, Neutral Ligand, Monodental Negative Ligand, Ambidentate Ligand, | |||
Nomenclature, Co-ordination - Polyhedron, Number, Isomerism of Co-ordination Compound | |||
Complex having Coordination no.-4,6, Optical Isomerism, Stereoisomers, Questions Solving | |||
Valance Bond Theory & Limitations of Valance Bond Theory, Question Solving | |||
Crystal Field Theory(CFT), Significance of Delta - 0, Question Solving | |||
Effect of CFSE, Magnetic Properties of Co-ordination Compound, Tetrahedral, Question | |||
Splitting of D-orbital, Stability of Co-ordination Compound, Nature of Bonding in Metal | |||
Important Application of Coordination Compound, Question Solving | |||
Chapter 28 Biomolecules | |||
Introduction, types, carbohydrates, classification, examples | |||
Amino acids, structure, classification, proteins, structure, classification | |||
Vitamins, lipids, enzymes, nucleic acids, hormones | |||
Chapter 29 Polymer | |||
Polymer, Macromolecule, Classification of Polymer, Natural Polymer, Artifical Polymer | |||
Condensation polymers, Based on heat treatment, Thermosetting polymers, Polythene, Low | |||
Preparation of Polythene using free radical Mechanism, Polyamides, Nylon, Nylon-6(Perlon-L) | |||
Terylene & Melamine, Polyesters, Bakelite | |||
Synthetic Rubber, Molecular Mass of Polymers, Poly Dispersity Index & Biodegradable | |||
Chapter 30 Environment | |||
Introduction of Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Pollution and its Types | |||
Types of Particulates, Smog, Acid Rain, Green House Effect & Global Warming | |||
Water Pollution and its Types, Eutrophication, Dissolved Oxygen, Management of Waste | |||
Chapter 31 Chemistry in everyday life | |||
Drugs, classification, drug target interaction, enzymes and receptor as drug targets | |||
Chemicals in food, food preservatives, antioxidants, cleansing agents | |||
Classes of drugs, antacid, antihistamines, analgesics, antimicrobials, antibiotics | |||
Biology | |||
Chapter 1 The Living World | |||
Characteristics of Living beings | Preview | ||
Biodiversity - Taxonomy and Systematics | Preview | ||
Taxonomical Hierarchy and Taxonomical Aids | Preview | ||
Chapter 2 Biological Classification | |||
Introduction, history, kingdom, monera | |||
Kingdom monera, protista, protozoan | |||
Kingdom fungi, reproduction, phycomycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, deuteromycetes | |||
Plantae, reproduction, cryptogams, thallophyta, chlorophycae, volvocales | |||
Kingdom animalia, porifera, coelentrata, plathyneminthes, annelida | |||
Chordata, protochordata, vertebrata, pisces, amphibia, reptilia, mammalia virus | |||
Virus, viroids, prions, lichens, alternation of generation | |||
Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom | |||
Introduction, Classification system, Algae Rodophyta, Pheophyta | |||
Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms | |||
Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom | |||
Protozoa and Basis of Classification | |||
Phylum Porifera | |||
Phylum Coelentrata and Ctenophora | |||
Phylum Platyhelmenthis and Phylum Aschelmenthis | |||
Phylum Annelida and Phylum Arthropoda | |||
Phylum Mollusca and Phylum Echinodermata | |||
Phylum Hemichordata and Phylum Chordata - Class Cyclostomata | |||
Sub phylum Vertebrata - Class Aves and Mammals | |||
Sub phylum Vertebrata - Class Pisces, Amphibians and Reptilia | |||
Chapter 5 Morphology of flowering Plants | |||
Introduction, Roots & Type of Roots | |||
Adventitious root and their modifications | |||
Stem and their modifications, leaf and their modifications, types of leaves | |||
Phyllotaxy inflorescence, flower parts | |||
Aestivation,placentation, fruits and its types | |||
Types of fruits, seeds, structure of monocotyledonous seed, floral formula and floral diagram | |||
Chapter 6 Anatomy of flowering Plants | |||
Introduction, tissue | |||
Simple and complex permanent tissue (reshoot) | |||
Plant tissue system- dicot root | |||
Anatomy of monocot root, DICOT AND MONOCOT STEM | |||
Anatomy of leaf and secondary growth in dicot | |||
Secondary growth in dicots, heart wood sap wood | |||
Chapter 7 Structural Organisation in Animals | |||
Introduction | |||
COCKROACH HEAD THORAX ABDOMEN | |||
Respiratory system in cockroaches | |||
NERVOUS SYSTEM IN COCKROACH, EXCRETARY,CIRCULATORY | |||
Reproductive system in cockroach | |||
Frog morphology introduction | |||
Digestive system of frog, alimentary canal | |||
Digestive glands endocrine gland respiratory system | |||
Frog reproductive, circulatory and nervous system | |||
EARTHWORM INTRODUCTION,MORPHOLOGY, BODY WALL | |||
Nervous, alimentary canal, digestive system | |||
Respiratory circulatory,excretory and reproductive system | |||
Chapter 8 Cell: the unit of life | |||
Discovery of Cell, Cell theory, Types of Cell | |||
Structure of Prokaryotic cell, Structure of Eukaryotic cell - Cell Wall | |||
Cell Membrane, Cell Organelles - Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body | |||
Cell Organelles - Lysosomes, Ribosomes, Vacoule, Mitochondria, Cytoskeleton | |||
Plastids, Structure of Nucleus and Chromosome | |||
Practise questions | |||
Chapter 9 Biomolecules | |||
Analysis of Organic and Inorganic componds, Metabolites, Amino acids, Proteins and its | |||
Classification of Proteins, Carbohydrates - Mono, Di and Poly saccharides and Examples Of | |||
Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), Polynucleotide chain | |||
Lipids - Classification and Types | |||
Enzymes | |||
Practise questions | |||
Chapter 10 Cell Cycle and Cell division | |||
Introduction, Phases of Cell Cycle - Interphase | |||
M- Phase (Mitosis Cell division) | |||
Meiosis Cell division | |||
Practise questions | |||
Chapter 11 Transport in Plants | |||
Introduction,Means of Transport, Diffusion, Osmosis, Types of Solution | |||
Long distance Transport - Ascent of sap, Symplast Apoplast, Pressure flow Hypothesis | |||
Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition | |||
Mineral nutrition, elements | |||
Elements, Mechanism of absorption, Hydroponics | |||
Nitrogen fixation | |||
Chapter 13 Photosynthesis in Higher plants | |||
Introduction, history, essential components, factors affecting photosynthesis | |||
KOK CYCLE, NON-CYCLIC AND CYCLIC PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION | |||
CHEMIOSMOSIS, ATP FORMATION, Q-CYCLE | |||
RUBISCO, RUBP, CALVIN CYCLE | |||
PHOTORESPIRATION, C4 CYCLE, KRANZ ANATOMY | |||
Chapter 14 Respiration in Higher plants | |||
Glycolysis | |||
KREB'S CYCLE | |||
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN | |||
Respiratory quotient, amphibolic pathway, shuttle system | |||
Chapter 15 Plant Growth & Development | |||
Introduction, Growth ,Growth rate, Phases of Growth, Development, Seed Dormancy | |||
Breaking of Seed Dormancy, Absolute and Relative Growth, Introduction & Discovery of PGRs | |||
Auxin,GAs, Cytokinin, ABA, Ethylene, Photoperiodism | |||
Chapter 16 Digestion and Absorption | |||
Introduction, GIT, Oral cavity, Tongue, Tooth | |||
Salivary Gland, Saliva - Its Composition and Functions, Pharynx & Its Parts | |||
Oesophagus, Stomach, Its Structure, Gastric glands, Functions of Stomach, Small Intestine | |||
Pancreas, Liver, Gall Bladder- Functions, Digestion of Carbohydrates | |||
Digestion of Cellulose, Protein, Fat, Absorption, Assimilation, Egestion, Disorders | |||
Chapter 17 Breathing and Exchange of gases | |||
Respiratory organs in animals, Human respiratory system (Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx | |||
Human respiratory system (Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Lungs, Alveoli) | |||
Mechanism of breathing, Respiratory volumes and capacities | |||
Exchange of gases, Transport of gases - Oxygen | |||
Oxygen Dissociation curve, Transport of Carbondioxide, Regulation of breathing, Respiratory | |||
Chapter 18 Body Fluids and Circulation | |||
Introduction, Types of Circulatory system, Types of Hearts | |||
Human Heart, Internal structure, NOdal Tissues, Regulation of Heart rate | |||
Artery and Veins, Double circulation, Cardiac cycle | |||
Haemostasis, Blood Clotting, Vitamin K and its Importance, ECG, Reading of ECG, Disorders | |||
Chapter 19 Excertory products and their elimination | |||
Excretion, Exeretory products, Homeostasis, Osmoregulation, Excretory organs, Structure of | |||
Urinary system, Passage of Urine, Micturition reflex | |||
Structure of Nephron, Types of Nephron, Juxtaglomerular apparatus | |||
Blood supply of Nephron, Chemical composition of Urine, Mechanism of Urine formation | |||
Mechanism of Urine formation (Selective Reabsorption, Tubular secretion) | |||
Counter- Current Mechanism | |||
Regulation of Kidney and Dialysis, Disorders of Excretory system, Dialysis | |||
Chapter 20 Locomotion and Movement | |||
Introduction, skeletal muscles | |||
Skeletal muscles, sliding filament theory | |||
Structure of actin and myosin | |||
Mechanism of muscle relaxation | |||
CARDIAC AND SMOOTH MUSCLE | |||
Axial skeleton system | |||
* Appendicular skeleton system | |||
Chapter 21 Neural Control and Coordination | |||
Nervous system of Invertebrates, Structure of neuron, Types of Neuron | |||
Mechanism of Generation and Conduction of nerve impulse Axon | |||
Mechanism of Generation and Conduction of nerve impulse Synapse | |||
Nervous System and its types, Protection to CNS | |||
Central Nervous system (Brain -Forebrain, Midbrain) | |||
Central Nervous system (Brain - Hindbrain, Spinal cord, Peripheral nervous system) | |||
Autonomic nervous system, Reflex Action, Sense Organs | |||
Internal Structure of Eyes | |||
Working of eye and Mechanism of vision, Defects of eye | |||
Internal Structure of Ear | |||
Working of Ear and Mechanism of hearing | |||
Chapter 22 Chemical Coordination and Integration | |||
Introduction to Endocrine system, Glands and its types, Hormones and its properties | |||
Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland - Anterior pituitary and its hormones | |||
Posterior Pituitary gland and its hormones, Thyroid gland | |||
Parathyroid gland, Thymus gland | |||
Adrenal gland | |||
Pineal gland, Pancreas | |||
Other Organs which secrete hormone | |||
Chapter 23 Reproduction in organisms | |||
Introduction, Concept, Asexual Reproduction and methods | |||
Vegetative Propagation,Sexual Reproduction, Life span | |||
Chapter 24 Sexual reproduction in Flowering plants | |||
Introduction, Flower, Parts of Flower, Androecium | |||
Anther, Microsporangia, Walls of microsporangium, Microsporogenesis, | |||
Gynoecium, Pistil/Carpel, Megasporangium, Megasporogenesis, Ovule | |||
Pollination, Pollinating Agencies | |||
Post Fertilization events, Embrogenesis, Seed dispersal, Fruits, Apomixis | |||
Chapter 25 Human Reproduction | |||
Introduction, Male reproductive system, Spermatogenesis, Sperm | |||
Male Secondary sex organs, Semen, Female Repreduetive organs | |||
Ovary, Uterus ,Fallopian tube, Oogenesis, Reproductive cycle, Menstrual Cycle | |||
Vagina, Vulva( External Genitalia), Fertilisation | |||
Cleavage, Embryogenesis, Organogenesis, Parturition, Amniocentasis | |||
Chapter 26 Reproductive health | |||
Aspects of Reproductive health, Population growth | |||
Contraception - Temporary methods | |||
Permanent Contraception, MTP, STD | |||
Infertility, Assisted Reproductive techniques (AI, IVF-ET, GIFT, ICSI, Surrogacy) | |||
Chapter 27 Principle of Inheritance & Variation | |||
Introduction, Important terms, Pre Mendelian theories | |||
Mendelian Era, Monohybrid Cross & Dihybrid Cross | |||
Laws of Mendel, Incomplete Dominance & Co-Dominance MN blood Group, Coal colours in | |||
Sickle Cell Anaemia, ABO blood group, Lethal Gene, Thalassemia | |||
Phenylketonuria, Cystic Fibrosis, Polygenic Inheritance, Sex determination | |||
Chapter 28 Molecular basis of Inheritance | |||
Genetic material, Nucleic acids and its structue, Composition of DNA, DNA Duplex | |||
Quantity and Length of DNA, Watson and Crick Model of DNA, Nucleosome Model, DNA | |||
Search for Genetic Material - Griffith's Experiment, Avery, Macleod, Mc Carty Experiment | |||
RNA World, Central dogma, DNA Replication Mechanism, Messelson and Stahl experiment | |||
Mechanism of DNA Replication- Part 1 | |||
Mechanism of DNA Replication- Part 2 | |||
RNA, Types of RNA | |||
Transcription - Its Unit, and Transcription Unit and the Gene | |||
Materials Required for Transcription, RNA Polymerase, Prosess of ranscription in | |||
Process of Transcription and Post Transcriptional Modification in Eukaryotes, Reverse | |||
Genetic Code, Experimental Proof of Triplet Codon, Salient Features of Genetic CodE | |||
Properties of Genetic Code, Wobble Hypothesis | |||
Translation - Its Machinery and Mechanism | |||
Regulation of Gene Expression, Lac Operon Model | |||
Mutation- Types of Mutation, Gene Mutation - Point Mutation (Mis-sense, Non-sense, Silent | |||
Chromosomal Mutation - Euploidy- Polyploidy Aneuploidy, Mutagens - Physical and Chemical | |||
Human Genome Project (HGP) - Goals, Methodology, Salient features of HGP | |||
DNA Fingerprinting - Part 1 | |||
DNA Fingerprinting - Part 2 | |||
Chapter 29 Evolution | |||
Evolution, natural selection, theory of spontaneous generation, recepie for mice, redis | |||
Panspermiatic theory, theory of catastrophism, oparin and haldane's theory, chemical | |||
Biogeny, coacervates, microspheres, Evolution of Modes of Nutrition, origin of eukaryotes | |||
Dollo's law, evidences in favour of evolution, evidences for comparative anatomy and | |||
Vestigial organs, connecting link, atavism, embryological evidences, progressive and | |||
Palaentological evidences, biogeographical evidences, realms, convergent and divergent | |||
PARALLEL EVOLUTION, LAMARCKISM | |||
LAMARCKISM, THEORY OF CONTINUITY OF GERMPLASM, NEO-LAMARCKISM,DARWINISM | |||
Natural selection, neo-darwinism, the mutation theory | |||
Genetic variation in population, gene flow, gene recombination, chromosomal and gene | |||
Chapter 30 Human health and diseases | |||
Introduction (Health, Disease) and Clasification of diseases, Transmission of diseases | |||
Bacterial diseases - 1 (Typhoid, Cholera, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Bubonic Plague) | |||
Bacterial diseases - 2 (Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Meningitis, Gonorrhea, Botulism | |||
Viral diseases - 1 (Polio, Small Pox, Chicken Pox, Measles, German Measles, Mumps, Rabies) | |||
Viral diseases - 2 (Yellow fever, Hepatitis, Dengue, Chikungunya, Influenza, SARS, Genital | |||
AIDS - Part 1 | |||
AIDS - Part 2 | |||
Protozoal disease - Malaria | |||
Protozoal, Helminthic and Fungal diseases | |||
Cancer - Part 1 | |||
Cancer - Part 2 | |||
Immunity - Part 1 (lymphoid organs, Innate immunity and its component) | |||
Immunity - Part 2 (Acquired immunity, Structure of Antibody, Ag-Ab reaction) | |||
Immunity - Part 3 (Immune reaponse, Types of immunity, Vaccination, Allergy) | |||
Drug and Alcohol Abuse | |||
Chapter 31 Strategies for enhancement in food production | |||
Introduction, Animal Husbandry, Dairy Management, Poultry Management | |||
Animal Breeding, Controlled breeding Inbreeding, Outbreeding, Experiments, Bee Keeping | |||
Aquaculture, Economic importance, Types of ponds, Green Revolution | |||
Plant Breeding, Scp, Tissue culture, Somatic hybridization | |||
Chapter 32 Microbes in Human Welfare | |||
Application of Microbes in Various fields | |||
Chapter 33 Biotechnology - Principles and Processes | |||
Biotechnology - Definition, Principle and Recombinant DNA, Genetically Modified Organism, | |||
Tools of Recombinant Technology - Restriction Enzymes and its types, Cloning Vector and | |||
PBR322 vector, Features of cloning vector, Competent host, Screening of Recombinant | |||
Process of r-DNA technology | |||
Chapter 34 Biotechnology and its applications | |||
Application of biotehnology in agriculture Transgenie plants (Bt- Cotton, Mave save tomato | |||
Application of biotechnology in agriculture - Transgenie plants (Tobacco plant, Herbicide | |||
Transgenic microbes, Transgenic animals, Application of biotechnology in medicine (Gene | |||
Application of biotechnology in molecular diagnosis, Ethical issues, Biopatency, Biopiracy | |||
Chapter 35 Ecology | |||
Ecology, Autecology, Synecology, Importance of Ecology, Organisms and Environment | |||
Ecology, Autecology, Synecology, Importance of Ecology, Organisms and Environment, | |||
Ecosystem, Light, Effect of light on pigmentation, Phototropism, Influence of light on | |||
Temperature, The Effects of Temperature in Lakes, Summer stratification, Winter | |||
Temperature Adaptations, Regulate, Diapause | |||
Water, Adaptations in freshwater habitat, Adaptations in marine habitat, Plant Example,Soil, | |||
Population interaction, Inter-specific Interaction, Predation, Predators maintain Species | |||
Competitive release, Parasitism, Types of Parasites/Parasitism, Commensalism, Mutualism | |||
Ecosystem and their Components, Ecosystem Types, Natural Ecosystem, Artifical Ecosystem, | |||
Biota of the limnetic zone, Biota of the profundal zone, Terrestrial Ecosystem, Forest | |||
The food Chains, Grazinf food Chain, Parasitic food Chain, Detritus food chain, Food Web, | |||
The 10 Percent Law, Ecological Pyramids, Productitivity, Primary productivity, Secondary | |||
Nutrient Cycles, Carbon Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle, Phosphorus Cycle | |||
Population, Population Attributes, Natality, Mortality, Immigration, Emigration, Sex ratio, Age | |||
Pollution, Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide, Sulphur dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, Effects of | |||
Water Pollution, Biological Oxygen Demand, Algal Blooms, Biomagnification, Eutrophication | |||
Thermal Pollution, Soil Pollution, Solid Wastes, Hospital Waste, Electronic Waste, Agro- | |||
Global Warming - control measures, Kyoto Protocol, Ozone depletion in the stratopshere | |||
Chapter 36 Ecosystem | |||
Introduction, Components, Food chain, Food web | |||
Ecological Pyramids, Energy flow | |||
Ecological succession, Nutrient Cycle | |||
Chapter 37 Biodiversity & Conservation | |||
Biodiversity & Conservation, Genetic Diversity, Species Diversity, Ecological Diversity, Species, | |||
In Situ Conservation Part-02, Conservation of Wetlands, Ex-situ, Conservation, International | |||
Chapter 38 Environmental Issues | |||
Introduction, Effects,Air pollution - Reasons, Effects, Solutions | |||
Water Pollution,Soil pollution, Radioactive waste | |||
Green house effect,Global Warming, Ozone Depletion, Deforestation |
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